工业废气处理器是指在工业生产过程中产生的有害或污染性气体经过一定的物理、化学或生物学处理后，达到国家规定标准或者可再利用的设备。随着环境保护意识的加强和环保法规的严格，这种技术得到了广泛应用。

首先，了解工业废气处理器之前，我们需要知道什么是工业废气。Industrial waste gas refers to the harmful or polluting gases released during industrial production processes, such as chemical plants, power plants, cement factories and other heavy industries. These gases are mainly composed of particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals.

Now let's dive into the working principle of industrial waste gas treatment devices. The main purpose of these devices is to remove pollutants from waste gases so that they can be safely released into the atmosphere or reused in other processes.

The most common types of industrial waste gas treatment devices include:

Electrostatic precipitator: This device uses electrostatic charges to attract and capture particles in the air stream. It is effective for removing large amounts of dust, ash and other solid particles from flue gas emissions.

Scrubber: A scrubber works by spraying a liquid solution into a polluted gas stream that neutralizes acidic gases like SO2 and NOx. The resulting mixture then flows through an absorber where it is further treated before being released back into the environment.

Activated carbon filter: This type of filter contains activated carbon which has high surface area due to its porous structure making it ideal for adsorption purposes i.e., trapping impurities on its surface rather than absorbing them within itself like a sponge does water.

Biofilter: In this method living organisms break down harmful substances present in air streams by using microorganisms found naturally occurring inside soil or biological filters designed specifically for this purpose.

There are also some advanced technologies available such as membrane technology that involves passing contaminated air through semipermeable membranes allowing only clean water vapor molecules pass while rejecting all others including impurities etcetera!

When choosing an appropriate industrial waste gas treatment system several factors need consideration:

Type & concentration levels of pollutants present

Amount & temperature range

Flow rate

Available space

In conclusion understanding how these systems work helps us make better decisions about our environmental footprint especially when we consider new technologies emerging daily!